The Sudak Fortress was first mentioned in 1595. It played an important role as a defensive fortification. The fortress was one of the first state historical and architectural reserves in the Russian Empire. Today, the museum features 10th 15th century architectural landmarks, including fortress walls, Watch (Maiden) Tower and Astaguerra (Port) Tower; the Consular Castle; a mosque; the Twelve Apostles Church; the Catholic Cathedral of Virgin Mary; the remains of the city's residential buildings and the 6th century coastal fortification.